Expert answer:Post a 2- to 3-paragraph response that includes the following information:Identify two “Focus on…” sections you have chosen to review and provide a brief summary of the content.For
each topic, discuss whether you think the sample is representative of
the population being studied. What criteria did you use to decide this?Was
the sample chosen in a way that is likely to introduce bias? What kinds
of errors are likely to be associated with each study? Explain.Based on what you read, do you believe that the results of each study are meaningful and important? Explain.Based on the responses above, which do you think is the stronger study? Why?Be sure to support your ideas by connecting them to the week’s Learning Resources or to something you have read, heard, seen, or experienced.still trying to snip the rest of the questions. please start working on this, as i don’t have much time.
outsource_2.docx
outsource1.docx
Unformatted Attachment Preview
Week 2: Descriptive Statistics and the
Normal Distribution
When dealing with statistics, you often need an efficient and eye-catching way of
organizing information. This is where graphs, tables, and charts come in handy.
Think about some of the graphics you encounter every day. A business might
use a line graph to track the rise and fall of its profits. A music Web site might
use a bar graph to compare album sales of popular bands. A local newspaper
might use a time-series diagram to show the population of your town over the last
20 years.
This week, you will learn about the various types of graphs, tables, and charts
used in statistics. These visual tools help you organize the types of statistical
data you learned about last week. You will then begin to work with numerical
descriptive statistics such as the mean, median, mode, and standard deviation.
Finally, you will learn about the characteristics of a very important distribution
called the Normal Distribution.
Learning Objectives
By the end of this week, you should be able to:
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Identify and analyze the application of statistical concepts to everyday situations
Construct and interpret graphical representations of statistical data
Organize and analyze data using a histogram
Use measures of center and variation to draw informed conclusions
Find scores and percentages using rules and properties of the Normal
Distribution
Identify general characteristics of and problems with data, experiments, studies,
and variables
Generate descriptive statistics and calculate normal distribution probabilities
using Statdisk statistical software
Photo Credit: [Yuri_Arcurs]/[DigitalVision]/Getty Images
Learning Resources
Note: In addition to accessing the course ebook in MyStatLab, many of the Learning
Resources in this course will be provided in the Doc Sharing area of the course
navigation menu.
Required Readings
Bennett, J. O., Briggs, W. L., & Triola, M. F. (2009). Statistical reasoning for everyday
life (3rd ed.). Boston: Addison-Wesley.
To access the chapters listed below, click on the MyStatLab link on the course
navigation menu and select the “MyStatLab Bridge” link. Then, go to the Week 2
tab and click on Resources.
•
o
o
o
o
Chapter 3, “Visual Displays of Data”
Introduction
Section 3.1, “Frequency Tables”
Section 3.2, “Picturing Distributions of Data”
Section 3.4, “A Few Cautions About Graphics”
•
o
o
o
o
In this reading, you will learn about the tables and graphs frequently used in
statistics, such as frequency tables, bar graphs, line graphs, dot plots, and pie
charts. You will learn how to evaluate these graphics and recognize ways in
which they can be misleading.
Chapter 4, “Describing Data”
Introduction
Section 4.1, “What Is Average?”
Section 4.2, “Shapes of Distributions”
Section 4.3, “Measures of Variation”
•
o
o
o
o
This reading covers the basics of average, mean, median, and mode, and
addresses common misconceptions about these terms. In this reading, you will
also learn about shapes of distributions and measures of variation.
Chapter 5, “A Normal World”
Introduction
Section 5.1, “What Is Normal”
Section 5.2, “Properties of the Normal Distribution”
Section 5.3, “The Central Limit Theorem”
In this reading, you will learn how to identify and interpret normal distribution in
statistics. You will also begin working with the Central Limit Theorem.
Document: Statdisk User Manual (Word document)
Retrieved from the Doc Sharing area of the course navigation menu.
Document: “Focus On” Topics (PDF)
This document lists the topics and disciplines for the “Focus on” studies listed at the end
of each Chapter. You will be choosing topics from this list for this week’s Discussion.
Statdisk. (2015). Retrieved from http://www.statdisk.org/
Discussion: Comparing Statistical Studies
Statistics are all around us, whether or not we notice them being used. From
public policy, health, economics, science, culture to which foods a fast-food
restaurant is going to serve next can all be influenced by how the results of
statistical studies are operationalized and interpreted.
Each chapter of your course text concludes with two “Focus on” sections that go
into depth on important issues of our time. The topics of these sections were
chosen to demonstrate the great variety of fields in which statistics plays a role.
For this Discussion, you are going to review and compare two statistical studies.
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
To prepare for this Discussion:
Think about your degree major and your areas of interests, and then concentrate
on two of the following “Focus on” disciplines: Agriculture, Criminology,
Economics, Education, Environment, Health & Education, History, Law,
Literature, Politics, Psychology, Public Health, Social Science, Sociology, or The
Stock Market
Review the readings from this week’s Learning Resources, as well as the
complete list of the “Focus on” topics to choose from
Choose two of the studies to compare for this Discussion
For each study, consider the sample population used, errors that could occur in
the research process, and how meaningful and important the results of the study
are
Post a 2- to 3-paragraph response that includes the following information:
Identify two “Focus on…” sections you have chosen to review and provide
a brief summary of the content.
For each topic, discuss whether you think the sample is representative of
the population being studied. What criteria did you use to decide this?
Was the sample chosen in a way that is likely to introduce bias? What
kinds of errors are likely to be associated with each study? Explain.
Based on what you read, do you believe that the results of each study are
meaningful and important? Explain.
Based on the responses above, which do you think is the stronger study?
Why?
Be sure to support your ideas by connecting them to the week’s Learning
Resources or to something you have read, heard, seen, or experienced.
Week 2 Assignment – STAT 3001
Student Name:
Date:
Instructions: To complete this project, you will need the following materials:
• STATDISK User Manual (found in the classroom in DocSharing)
• Access to the Internet to download the STATDISK program.
This assignment is worth a total of 60 points.
Part I. Histograms and Frequency Tables
Instructions
Answers
1. Open
the
file
Car
Measurements using menu
option Datasets and then
Elementary
Stats,
13th
Edition. This file contains
some information about car
measurements. What are the
names of the variables in this
file?
2. Create a histogram for the
weight of the cars using the
Auto-fit option. Paste the chart
here. Once your histogram
displays, click Bar Labels to get
the height of the bars.
3. Using the information in the
above histogram, complete this
table.
Be sure to include
frequency, relative frequency,
and cumulative frequency.
Weight
Frequency
2250-2749.9
2750-3249.9
3250-3749.9
3750-4249.9
4250-4749.9
a. Using the frequency table
above, how many of the
cars have a weight of less
than 3250 lb? How do you
know?
b. Using the frequency table
above, how many of the
cars weigh between 2750
and 4249.9 lb? Show your
work.
1
Relative
Frequency
Cumulative
Frequency
c. What percent of the cars
weigh 3750 lb or more?
Part II. Comparing Datasets
Instructions
Answers
1. Create a boxplot that compares
the city and highway MPG of
the cars. Paste it here.
2. Describe the similarities and
differences in the data sets.
Please be specific to the graph
created.
Part III. Finding Descriptive Numbers
Instructions
Answers
3. Open the file named Oscar
Winner Age (using Datasets
and then Elementary Stats,
13th Edition). This gives
information on the age of
actresses and actors at the time
they won an Oscar. List all the
variables in the dataset.
4. Find the mean, median, and
midrange for the Data in
Column 1.
5. Find the range, variance, and
standard deviation for Column
1.
6. List any values for the first
column that you think may be
outliers. Why do you think
that?
[Hint: You may want to look at the
modified boxplot and sort the data
and look at the smallest and largest
values.]
2
7. Find the Mean, median, and
midrange for the data in
Column 2.
8. Find the Range, variance, and
standard deviation for the data
in Column 2.
9. List any values for the second
column that you think may be
outliers. Why do you think
that?
10. Find the five-number summary
for the actress and actor data in
Columns 1 and 2. You will
need to label each of the
columns with an appropriate
measure in the top row for
clarity.
11. Compare the age of actresses
and actors using a boxplot of
Columns 1 and 2. Paste your
boxplot here.
12. Create a histogram for the
Column 1 data and paste it
here.
13. Create a histogram for the
Column 2 data and paste it
here.
Part IV. Interpreting Statistical Information
The Oscar Winner Age data set consists of the age (years) of actresses and actors at the times that they
won Oscars for the categories of Best Actress and Best Actor. The data are complete as of the writing of
this textbook.
Using the descriptive statistics found above, what conclusions can you make comparing the age of
actresses and actors. You want to address EACH of the following points below. Please be sure to use
SPECIFIC values to support your reasoning (hint: you will want to consider the descriptive statistics
found in Part III as well as the histograms). You must justify your conclusions with Statdisk output from
Part III of this project for each portion below.
a. One conclusion about a measure of center (mean, median, midrange).
3
b. One conclusion about the variability in the two datasets (variance, standard deviation, range)
c. One conclusion about the shape of the distribution (mention direction of skew and relationship of
the mean and median).
Submit your final draft of your Word file by going to Week 2, Project, and follow the directions under
Week 2 Assignment 2Please use the naming convention “WK2Assgn2+first initial+last name” as the
Submission Title.
4
…
Purchase answer to see full
attachment
