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Al Mamari​ 1
Waleed Al Mamari
Instructor: M. Rea
ENC 1101.016
October 2, 2016
Immigration Costs and Benefits
Immigration is an issue that causes changes on countries positively or negatively. There
has been a lot of explanations on what are the major reasons that force some people to leave their
homeland and migrate to another country permanently. Immigrants decide to leave their native
countries looking for better life conditions. They look for better education, jobs, wages,
healthcare, religious freedom. Others migrate escaping from wars, violence, diseases, injustice
and poverty. Consequently, immigrants can get benefits by moving to another country because
they reform their standard of living. On the other hand, countries that receive waves of
immigrants get benefits as well. The immigrant countries catch economic, educational and
political changes due to receiving numbers of immigrants. There are many scientists,
businessmen and professors who are immigrants and they could help the country that they move
in. However, there are many facts show that many immigrants violate laws of immigration. For
instance, entering illegal immigrants to countries cause many troubles for the countries because
these immigrants get illegal, undocumented jobs, apartments and they work under the table. In
this case, immigration has two aspects, one of them is advantageous and the other one is
detrimental. Thus, the question is what those advantageous and detrimental aspects of
immigration are?
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Anderson, B. (2013). Us and them? The dangerous politics of immigration control. OUP
Oxford.
The book started with a story of woodcutter who left behind his family and he promised
to get back with comfort and wealth. The man worked in a kingdom and he could gain a wealth
after five years. His family immigrated in order to reunite the family again. They lived happily
ever after. The author begun the book with that story to express that immigration can be a
solution for some life struggles. The book shows that there is a dark side for immigration. In
general, the author concentrates on the political impacts of immigration on countries. Moreover,
the book revolves around how immigration can affect the values and mobility of people.
Reading this book will be help to get knowledge and understanding about the political
impacts of immigration. That means how governments manage migration by applying rules and
laws. It helps to explain what obstacles face governments to control migration as well. On the
other hand, the source includes information about how the values of natives can be effected by
involving with new immigrants from different countries. The author states many ways about how
natives can protect their values. The author was student at Oxford university and hi major is
policy and society. Therefore, his major helps him to collect information and write this credible
source.
Card, D. (2005).

​ Is the new immigration really so bad?. ​The Economic Journal, ​115(507),
F300­F323.
The article investigates whether immigration is bad or not compared with natives. It
mostly focuses on the immigration in the United States and shows how immigration has been
changing during 20th and 21th centuries. The author tried to start with the economic side of
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immigration and explained the immigration has a small effect on natives’ wages. He concluded
that immigrants have a slight harm on natives labour market opportunities. Therefore, the author
represents an overview about how immigrants play a role in the US labour market opportunities
and how they can be assimilate successfully. In addition, the article sheds a light on the impact of
immigrants on natives’ education and the competition between natives and immigrants. The
author listed many tables and numbers about the topic in order to prove his theory.
The article is relevant to the research question because it discusses many aspects about
immigrants situations. The author tries to prove that immigration has slight harms on countries
and natives. The way that the author used to explain his ideas about immigration is very
understable and that helps to get knowledge about the bright side of immigration. The source is
published in the USF library and it is written by a journal who is working on the department of
economics at university of California. He has written other articles that are related to
immigration as well. The main audience for this article are economists and politics. I consider
this a helpful source to answer the research question because it depends on listing several
citations and facts to verify the main point of the article.
Hanson, G. H. (2010). The economics and policy of illegal immigration in the United States.
Washington, DC: Migration Policy Institute.
This book is a significant and informative as it discussed how countries can get benefits
of illegal immigrants economically and how this issue put downward stress on U.S government.
At the same time, they did a report about illegal immigration. This report explained that the
impacts of illegal immigration on U.S is small. Also, Illegal immigrants’ wages are tiny, and if
there is a chance that one records for the little financial weight that unauthorized immigrants
Al Mamari​ 4
force, the general economic advantage is sufficiently close to zero to be basically a wash.
Therefore, this report helps the government to find new policies for illegal immigration.
This source helps to differentiate between legal immigrants and illegal immigrants. It
explains that both legal and illegal immigrants move in order to get better life. The author
indicates to the ways that help illegal immigrants to enter borders of a country. Thus, this source
will help to write about how to avoid receiving illegal immigrants. In addition, the source
concentrate on how these illegal immigrants affect the US economy. This source is good to
explain how illegal immigrants impede the manpower of construction, maintenance and
agriculture. Furthermore, the author shows how skilled, low­skilled and unskilled immigrants
can find jobs in the United States. The author is an economist at university of California. His
major helps him to get background information about immigration and economy. Finally, this
source will help to explain how unauthorized immigrants compete native workers to get jobs.
Consequently, this source is helpful to focus the negative impacts of immigration on countries
and how governments can overcome the unauthorized immigrants.
Massey, D. S., Durand, J., & Malone, N. J. (2002). Beyond smoke and mirrors: Mexican
immigration in an era of economic integration. New York: Russell Sage
Foundation.
This book is written by three authors as a project about Mexican migration (MMP). It
sheds light on the reasons that attract Mexican immigrants to move towards the United States.
The book proves that Mexicans immigrate to the United States looking for better opportunities of
jobs compared with jobs in their homeland. The authors took Mexican immigrants as a sample to
express how immigrants can fit with the US mechanical system. Furthermore, this book indicates
Al Mamari​ 5
to the jobs wages between the US government and the Mexican government and shows that
workers in the United States get higher wages compared with the workers in the Mexico. Finally,
the authors show that jobs opportunities in the United States help to increase the manpower
system of the US government.
This source will help to explain few reasons that force people to leave their country and
immigrate to another country. In specific way, this source will help to focus on the economic
aspect that is related to the immigration. Therefore, this book is helpful to prove that better
economic system plays a role in attracting immigrants. Moreover, this source will help to explain
how immigrants benefit countries that they move in. increase number of skilled immigrants help
to support the economy. In addition, this source shows the effects of illegal immigrants on the
jobs and economic system. The authors are anthropologists, they have done my researches on
human behaviors and wrote many books for example Effective Expert Testimony which makes
them experts on human science. That could help the authors to get enough information to write a
credible source. Thus, this source will help to explain the pros and cons of immigration by
concentrating on the economic side.
Massey, D. S., & Higgins, M. E. (2011). The effect of immigration on religious belief and
practice: A theologizing or alienating experience? Social science research, 40(5),
1371­1389.
This source is based on a survey on legal immigrants on the United States. The author
tries to shed lights on Christian immigrants mostly. He chose to do the survey on the United
States because of its high degree of religiosity compared with other nations. This article focuses
on the impacts of diversity of local religious beliefs. The author asked immigrants about their
Al Mamari​ 6
religious practices before and after immigration. This source could conclude that in some
countries they have strict religious rules and they do not have freedom. Therefore, the author
could prove that some immigrants leave their homeland according to religious issues.
This source helps to focus on the relationship of immigration with religions. It is very
informational and detailed and it has a lot of statistics and numbers that the author got by
conducting the survey. Therefore, this source helps to get evidences about how immigration
affects religions. In addition, this source includes varied information about the effects of
immigration on people’s morals and ethics and how that is related to the religions. The author
works for the Office of Population Research at Princeton University which is the oldest
population research center in the United States. Consequently, his work helps him to get
experience about science of demography and religions. In this case, this article is a credible
source.
Solé i Auró, A. (2009). The impact of immigration on health, longevity and dependency of
the elderly in the Spanish and European population.
The source is related to immigration and health aspects. Spain is a European country that
has been receiving waves of immigrants and refugees from different countries. The article mostly
examines immigrants’ conditions in Spain. It is mentioned that the Spanish population has
changed due to immigration. Therefore, the author presents his overview about the effects of
immigrants on health, longevity and dependency. The source depends on collect data from a
survey on handicaps, disabilities and health status. As mentioned in the article, new immigrants
in Spain need to do medical examinations in order to determine whether they bring illness from
their homeland or not. It is possible that immigrants suffer from diseases or other healthy effects.
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Therefore, the author tries to investigate how new immigrants causes negative health impacts and
how show procedures that countries follow in order to avoid the those negative impacts.
The article is written by Solé i Auró who is working on Pompeu Fabra university. This
university is located in Barcelona in Spain and it is one of the top rated Spanish universities. The
author is working on the department of political and social sciences and her major is a reason
that helps her to get background information about the topic. She has written several articles that
are related to health, education, immigration and so on. Moreover, the article is published in
2009 and could be found in USF library. All these reasons make the source credible.

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